DEA and FBI Use of Face Surveillance Technology

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Background

In January 2019, in support of the ACLU of Massachusetts' Press Pause on Face Surveillance campaign, the ACLU of Massachusetts and the National ACLU filed a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request with the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to learn about how these agencies use face surveillance and other remote biometric surveillance technologies. The request also seeks information about the FBI and DEA's relationships with private corporations that manufacture and sell remote biometric surveillance tools.

In October 2019, the ACLU of Massachusetts and the National ACLU filed suit to force the government to disclose the records. As of June 2020, that lawsuit is ongoing. Please check back periodically; we will update this page with new records over the coming months.
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Request Submitted To DEA and FBI
Category Surveillance
Year Filed 2019
Number of Documents Received Ongoing production

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Responsive Documents

# File Name Description File Type File Size
1 20-00004-L emails Emails PDF 17 MB
2 20-00004-L-Consult emails Emails
PDF 1 MB

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Private Companies

A number of the public records requests we have filed around facial recognition technology deal with the relationships between Massachusetts government entities and private tech companies. Such companies include:

  • Clearview AI
  • Lan-Tel Communications
  • DataWorks
  • MorphoTrust
  • IBM
  • Briefcam
  • COPLINK

Clearview AI

A dystopian face recognition tool that drew ire in 2019 for using images that are illicitly scraped from social media platforms as its training data. After learning that Clearview markets aggressively to law enforcement agencies, the ACLU of Massachusetts filed public records requests with every police department in the state to learn about their interactions with Clearview.

See all 340+ requests sent to Massachusetts police departments about Clearview AI here.

Lan-Tel Communications

An IT, communications, and security company that provides surveillance cameras and video analytics technology.

Date Agency/Organization Page
July 2019 City of Boston Lantel at the Boston Office of Emergency Management
October 2019 Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services (EOHSS) Lantel at the Executive Office of Health and Human Services
October 2019 Massachusetts Executive Office of Public Safety and Security (EOPSS) Lantel at the Executive Office of Public Safety and Security
October 2019 Massachusetts Executive Office for Administration and Finance (EOAF) Lantel at the Executive Office for Administration and Finance
October 2019 Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) Lantel at the Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority (MBTA)
October 2019 Massachusetts State Police (MSP Lantel at the Massachusetts State Police

DataWorks

A procurement and inventory management system that has previously sold facial recognition technology to police departments in Chicago and Detroit. 

Date Agency/Organization Page
August 2019 Massachusetts Executive Office of Public Safety and Security (EOPSS) DataWorks at the Executive Office of Public Safety and Security

MorphoTrust (now IDEMIA)

A company that provides identity tracking and facial recognition software to many government agencies, including TSA.

Date Agency/Organization Page
May 2019 Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services (EOHSS) Morpho at the Executive Office of Health and Human Services

IBM

A national technology company that develops facial recognition technologies.

Date Agency/Organization Page
February 2020 Springfield Police Department IBM at the Springfield Police Department

Briefcam

A company that provides video analytics software, including face recognition.

Date Agency/Organization Page
August 2019 City of Boston Briefcam at the City of Boston (2019)
May 2020 City of Boston Briefcam at the City of Boston (2020)

COPLINK

A crime analytics platform developed by Forensic Logic that facilitates data sharing across agencies.

Date Agency/Organization Page
2019-2020 Massachusetts State Police COPLINK Facematch at the Massachusetts State Police

 

 


Facial Recognition in Massachusetts

[vc_row row_height_percent="0" overlay_alpha="50" gutter_size="4" column_width_percent="100" shift_y="0" z_index="0"][vc_column column_width_percent="100" align_horizontal="align_center" gutter_size="3" overlay_alpha="50" shift_x="0" shift_y="0" shift_y_down="0" z_index="0" medium_width="0" mobile_width="0" width="1/2"][vc_column_text]Between 2019 and 2020, the ACLU of Massachusetts has filed over 400 public records request regarding the use of facial recognition technology across the Commonwealth.[/vc_column_text][uncode_counter value="1,403" counter_color="" size="h1" text="government documents" uncode_shortcode_id="164328"][/vc_column][vc_column column_width_percent="100" align_horizontal="align_center" gutter_size="3" overlay_alpha="50" shift_x="0" shift_y="0" shift_y_down="0" z_index="0" medium_width="0" mobile_width="0" width="1/2"][vc_button border_width="0" icon="fa fa-gavel" el_class="fr-page-btn" link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fdata.aclum.org%2Fpublic-records%2Ffrt-ma%2Fstate-agencies%2F|||"]State Agencies[/vc_button][vc_button border_width="0" link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fdata.aclum.org%2Fpublic-records%2Ffrt-ma%2Fprivate-companies%2F|||" icon="fa fa-money" el_class="fr-page-btn"]Private Companies[/vc_button][vc_button border_width="0" icon="fa fa-graduation-hat" el_class="fr-page-btn" link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fdata.aclum.org%2Fpublic-records%2Ffrt-ma%2Fschools%2F|||"]Schools[/vc_button][vc_button border_width="0" icon="fa fa-video-camera" el_class="fr-page-btn" link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fdata.aclum.org%2Fpublic-records%2Ffrt-ma%2Fboston%2F|||"]Surveillance in Boston[/vc_button][vc_button border_width="0" icon="fa fa-apartment" el_class="fr-page-btn" link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fdata.aclum.org%2Fpublic-records%2Ffrt-ma%2Fma-towns-cities%2F|||"]Town & City Police[/vc_button][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width="1/1"][vc_column_text]We have split the requests up into five themes, which we invite you to explore in more detail: State Agencies, Private Companies, Schools, Surveillance in Boston, and Town & City Police.

Not sure where to start? Here are some recommended highlights to explore:

[/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent="100" align_horizontal="align_center" gutter_size="3" overlay_alpha="50" shift_x="0" shift_y="0" shift_y_down="0" z_index="0" medium_width="0" mobile_width="0" width="1/3"][vc_single_image media="70514" media_width_percent="100" media_ratio="three-two" border="yes" media_link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fdata.aclum.org%2Frmv-frt-email-search%2F"][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic="h4" text_size="h4"]Interactive Email Explorer[/vc_custom_heading][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent="100" align_horizontal="align_center" gutter_size="3" overlay_alpha="50" shift_x="0" shift_y="0" shift_y_down="0" z_index="0" medium_width="0" mobile_width="0" width="1/3"][vc_single_image media="70515" media_width_percent="100" media_ratio="three-two" border="yes" media_link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fdata.aclum.org%2Fpublic-records%2Ffrt-ma%2Fprivate-companies%2Fclearview_ai%2F|title:Clearview%20AI"][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic="h4" text_size="h4"]Clearview AI[/vc_custom_heading][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent="100" align_horizontal="align_center" gutter_size="3" overlay_alpha="50" shift_x="0" shift_y="0" shift_y_down="0" z_index="0" medium_width="0" mobile_width="0" width="1/3"][vc_single_image media="70516" media_width_percent="100" media_ratio="three-two" border="yes" media_link="url:https%3A%2F%2Fdata.aclum.org%2Fpublic-records%2Ffrt-ma%2Fma-towns-cities%2Fsuspect-technologies-and-the-plymouth-pd%2F|title:Suspect%20Technologies%20and%20the%20Plymouth%20PD"][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic="h4" text_size="h4"]Suspect Technologies[/vc_custom_heading][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_separator sep_color=",Default"][vc_column_text]To search all face recognition related requests, we have also created an index documenting all requests we have made by date, topic, and agency:

 

TitleSubmitted ToNumber of DocumentsYear FiledDate Published
Lantel at the Boston Office of Emergency ManagementBoston Office of Emergency Management26620192/26/21
Lantel at the Executive Office of Health and Human ServicesExecutive Office of Health and Human Services120192/26/21
Lantel at the Executive Office of Public Safety and SecurityExecutive Office of Public Safety and Security220192/26/21
Lantel at the Executive Office for Administration and FinanceExecutive Office for Administration and Finance020192/26/21
Lantel at the Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority (MBTA)Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority (MBTA)220192/26/21
Lantel at the Massachusetts State PoliceMassachusetts State Police1420192/26/21
DataWorks at the Executive Office of Public Safety and SecurityExecutive Office of Public Safety and Security720192/26/21
Morpho at the Executive Office of Health and Human ServicesExecutive Office of Health and Human Services220192/26/21
IBM at the Springfield Police DepartmentSpringfield Police Department220202/26/21
Briefcam at the City of Boston (2019)City of Boston720192/26/21
MA Police Departments Receiving Solicitations from Clearview AIVarious Police Departments10220202/26/21
MA Police Departments with No Records from Clearview AIVarious Police Departments44520202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Agawam PDAgawam PD320202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Andover PDAndover PD420202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Boston PDBoston PD020202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Beverly PDBeverly PD120202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Marlborough PDMarlborough PD120202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Salem PDSalem PD320202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Somerset PDSomerset PD220202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Wellesley PDWellesley PD320202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Yarmouth PDYarmouth PD120202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Bourne PDBourne PD120202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Dalton PDDalton PD020202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Falmouth PDFalmouth PD420202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Great Barrington PDGreat Barrington PD020202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Harvard PDHarvard PD120202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Norfolk Sheriff's OfficeNorfolk Sheriff's Office020202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Oxford PDOxford PD320202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Sudbury PDSudbury PD220202/26/21
Clearview AI at the West Bridgewater PDWest Bridgewater PD1120202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Foxbourugh PDFoxbourugh PD120202/26/21
Clearview AI at the Massachusetts State Police (MSP)Massachusetts State Police (MSP)520202/26/21
Briefcam at the City of Boston (2020)City of Boston320202/26/21
COPLINK Facematch at the Massachusetts State PoliceMassachusetts State Police (MSP)12019-20202/26/21
EOPSS Grants for Surveillance Tech in MA SchoolsExecutive Office of Public Safety and Security220192/26/21
Face Recognition in MA SchoolsVarious School Districts120192/26/21
Face Recognition in Revere Public SchoolsRevere Public Schools2320192/26/21
Face Recognition at the Department of Criminal Justice Information Services (DCJIS)Department of Criminal Justice Information Services (DCJIS)420192/26/21
Face Recognition at the Executive Office of Public Safety and SecurityExecutive Office of Public Safety and Security120192/26/21
Face Recognition at the Massachusetts State Police (MSP)Massachusetts State Police (MSP)720182/26/21
Known Use of Face Recognition at the Massachusetts State Police (MSP)Massachusetts State Police (MSP)720192/26/21
Massachusetts State Police (MSP) Use of Face Recognition at the Registry of Motor Vehicles (RMV)Massachusetts State Police (MSP)120192/26/21
Face Recognition at the MA Sheriff's Association [2019]MA Sheriff's Association120192/26/21
Face Recognition at the MA Sheriff's Association [2018]MA Sheriff's Association020182/26/21
Face Recognition at the Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority (MBTA)Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority (MBTA)02018-20192/26/21
Face Recognition at the Department of Transportation (DOT)Department of Transportation (DOT)38020192/26/21
Face Recognition at the Executive Office of Health and Human ServicesExecutive Office of Health and Human Services020192/26/21
Face Recognition at the Department of Criminal Justice Information Services (DCJIS)Department of Criminal Justice Information Services (DCJIS)020192/26/21
Massachusetts State Police Access to Fusion Center Booking DatabaseMassachusetts State Police (MSP)420172/26/21
MA Police Departments with No Records on Face Recognition (2018-2019)Various Police Departments262018-20192/26/21
Facial Recognition at the Cambridge PDCambridge PD120182/26/21
Facial Recognition at the Medford PDMedford PD220192/26/21
Facial Recognition at the New Bedford PDNew Bedford PD120182/26/21
Facial Recognition & COPLINK at the Northampton PDNorthampton PD820192/26/21
Suspect Technologies and the Plymouth PDPlymouth PD120182/26/21
Facial Recognition at the Plymouth PDPlymouth PD020192/26/21
Facial Recognition at the Revere PDRevere PD520182/26/21
Facial Recognition at the Salem PDSalem PD220192/26/21
Facial Recognition at the Springfield PDSpringfield PD1420192/26/21
Facial Recognition at the Peabody PDPeabody PD120192/26/21
Location of Surveillance Cameras Across BostonCity of Boston020192/26/21
Video Surveillance Data Sharing in BostonCity of Boston120192/26/21
Boston Security Camera Strategy MeetingsCity of Boston120192/26/21
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MA Dept. of Public Health COVID-19 Response

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Background

On April 2, 2020, the ACLU of Massachusetts and Harvard Law School's Center for Health Law and Policy Innovation wrote to the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (DPH) to address equity and privacy concerns pertaining to the DPH's COVID-19 pandemic response. The inquiry focused on racial disparities, personal protective equipment and ventilator access, testing availability, and patient privacy. It specifically requested records pertaining to (1) the development, effectiveness, and implementation of the March 18 policy which directed boards of health to share patient addresses with first responders, and (2) equipment distribution.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column column_width_percent="100" position_vertical="middle" gutter_size="3" overlay_alpha="50" shift_x="0" shift_y="0" shift_y_down="0" z_index="0" medium_width="0" mobile_width="0" width="1/3"][vc_column_text border_color="transparent"]

Request Submitted To Massachusetts Department of Health
Category Public Health
Year Filed 2020
Number of Documents Received 5

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Responsive Documents

# File Name Description File Type File Size
1 950-CMR-32.08-SPR-Appeals-Effective-January-1-2017 MA Regulations on Appeals to Public Records Requests PDF 150 KB
2 ACLU responsive docs (2) Emails regarding the sharing of COVID patient addresses PDF 5.4 MB
3 Acute Care Hospital Vent Tracking Sheet no numbers Template of spreadsheet tracking ventilator usage in 67 MA hospitals XLSX 18 KB
4 Hospital Ventilator Worksheet (1) Questionnaire for collecting data regarding ventilator usage at hospitals XLSX  12 KB
5 DRAFT MA Ventilator Distribution Procedure 3.29.20 Draft Procedure to Maximize the Effectiveness of Ventilator Distribution Across States DOCX 39 KB

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Face Recognition in Revere Public Schools

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Background

The ACLU of Massachusetts is concerned about the use of facial surveillance technologies in public places including schools. In late 2019 we learned that some schools in Revere were using a technology called LobbyGuard to photograph school visitors. Concerned that the technology could include facial recognition, we filed a request with the Revere Public Schools to learn more. According to the documents, LobbyGuard does not use facial recognition technology. Nonetheless, the technology raises significant concerns related to privacy, racial justice, and immigrants rights.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column column_width_percent="100" position_vertical="middle" gutter_size="3" overlay_alpha="50" shift_x="0" shift_y="0" shift_y_down="0" z_index="0" medium_width="0" mobile_width="0" width="1/3"][vc_column_text border_color="transparent"]

Request Submitted To Revere Public Schools
Category Surveillance
Year Filed 2019
Number of Documents Received 22

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Responsive Documents

# File Name Description File Type File Size
1 Lobbyguard_Redacted Revere Public Schools officials' emails regarding LobbyGuard PDF 4.1 MB
2 Facial-Recognition_all_Redacted 12 documents containing Revere Public Schools officials' emails regarding facial recognition technology ZIP 47.7 MB
3 VisitorManagement_all_Redacted 9 documents containing Revere Public Schools officials' emails regarding visitor management systems ZIP 21.7 MB

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State Audit of Bristol Sheriff

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Background

In March 2019, ACLUM submitted a public records request to the Bristol County Sheriff’s Office (BCSO). Among other things, the request sought information about a recent state audit of the BCSO, various financial records, social media records and policies, and communications between the BCSO and the White House and Secret Service. After BCSO did not provide a timely response, ACLUM engaged the law firm Foley Hoag LLP to seek the records on its behalf. The BCSO ultimately produced records between May and September 2019, including correspondence between Sheriff Hodgson and White House advisor Stephen Miller.

On December 4, 2019, Boston Globe columnist Yvonne Abraham published a piece examining what these email records reveal about the relationship between Bristol County Sheriff Hodgson and the White House.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column column_width_percent="100" position_vertical="middle" gutter_size="3" overlay_alpha="50" shift_x="0" shift_y="0" shift_y_down="0" z_index="0" medium_width="0" mobile_width="0" width="1/3"][vc_column_text border_color="transparent"]

Request Submitted To Bristol County Sheriff's Office
Category Law Enforcement
Year Filed 2019
Number of Documents Received 1069

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Responsive Documents

# File Name Description File Type File Size
1 BCSO 05.02.00 Information Technology System BCSO Information Technology System Policy PDF 7.8 MB
2 BCSO 05.03.00 Social Media Policy BCSO Media Relations Policy PDF 2.5 MB
3 Email dated November 20, 2018 relating to Audit Email relating to audit PDF 76 KB
4 Letter from Sheriff Hodgson to OSA dated November 15, 2018 Letter to Office of the State Auditor PDF  217 KB
5 Messages to or from Twitter account @BCSO1 Screenshots of DMs to/from @BCSO1 Twitter Account PDF 18.2 MB
6 Miscellaneous communications between Sheriff or staff and White House or Secret Service_Redacted_part1 Emails between BSCO Staff & White House/Secret Service - Part 1 PDF 40.5 MB
7 Miscellaneous communications between Sheriff or staff and White House or Secret Service_Redacted_part2 Emails between BSCO Staff & White House/Secret Service - Part 2 PDF 28.3 MB
8 Travel_all Scans of 30 PDFs related to BCSO travel ZIP 113.2 MB
9 OSA_emails_all 168 documents containing emails and attachments between BCSO and the Office of the State Auditor ZIP 144.8 MB
10 WhiteHouse_SecretService_emails_all 863 documents containing emails and attachments between BCSO and the White House or Secret Service ZIP 1.39 GB
11 Records Produced on September 20, 2019 2_Redacted Screenshots of Sheriff Hodgson's Twitter activity PDF 43.7 MB 

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Use of Robotics in Law Enforcement

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Background

The ACLU of Massachusetts was made aware of a Massachusetts State Police Facebook post describing an event to be held on July 30, 2019 regarding the use of robotics in law enforcement operations. In response, the ACLU of Massachusetts filed a public records request in August 2019 seeking information about plans for, acquisition of, and/or use of robotics by Massachusetts State Police. The request examined the MSP relationship with the following companies: Ghost Robotics, iRobot, Endeavor, and Boston Dynamics.
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Request Submitted To Massachusetts State Police
Category Law Enforcement
Year Filed 2019
Number of Documents Received 7

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  • No written response received.

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Responsive Documents

# File Name Description File Type File Size
1 Emails 2015-2019 redacted_Redacted1 Emails PDF 17.4 MB
2 Memorandum of Agreement-Department of Fire Services Scan of Memo of Agreement between Dept. of Fire Services and MSP Bomb Squad PDF  130 KB
3 Endeavor Robotics1  Scans of fiscal records PDF  3.2 MB
4 Recon Robotics4  Scans of fiscal records PDF   2.2 MB
5 Recon Robot Proposal 2018 Project Justification Proposal for MSP PDF  117 KB
6 Remotec Inc. fiscal file2  Scans of fiscal records PDF  1.4 MB
7 South Shore Divers Fiscal3  Scans of fiscal records PDF  1.8 MB

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Surveillance Cameras and Associated Technologies in the Metro Boston Area

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Category: Surveillance

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Background

Since 2003, the City of Boston and surrounding cities and towns have been designated as an "Urban Areas Security Initiative" (UASI) region by the federal Department of Homeland Security. This UASI designation enables the City and the larger Metro Boston Homeland Security Region (MBHSR) to apply for and obtain federal grants for information sharing, surveillance, emergency preparedness, police and first responder communications, and other technologies and staffing.

The cities and towns included in the MBHSR are Boston, Brookline, Cambridge, Chelsea, Everett, Quincy, Revere, Somerville and Winthrop. Since 2003, the region has received hundreds of millions of dollars through the UASI grant program. These funds are distributed through the Office of Emergency Management in Boston, which also coordinates regional planning meetings, technology acquisitions and development, and regional training exercises, among other efforts.

In July 2019, the ACLU sent an information request to the Office of Emergency Management, to learn more about region-wide surveillance networks.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width="1/1"][vc_accordion][vc_accordion_tab title="ACLU Request" tab_id="1532534789-1-8798c3-c085"][vc_column_text]

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Boston Police Collaboration with ICE

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Category: Immigration

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Background

The ACLU of Massachusetts and Greater Boston Legal Services filed a public records request in March 2019 seeking information about a joint “task force” between the Boston Police Department (BPD) and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). The request followed a U.S. Department of Labor complaint alleging that two BPD officers—one of them a member of a “BPD-ICE task force”—were instruments of an employer’s unlawful retaliation against an injured worker. The City's response, received October 2019, and described in this WBUR story, includes a 2014 Memorandum of Understanding between the BPD and ICE and emails between federal officials and the BPD during parts of 2017 and 2019.

 

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Request to MA Dept. of Public Utilities on Towing Profits

[vc_row][vc_column column_width_percent="100" style="dark" overlay_alpha="50" gutter_size="3" medium_width="0" mobile_width="0" shift_x="0" shift_y="0" shift_y_down="0" z_index="0" width="1/1"][vc_message message_color="color-820664"]Request Submitted To: Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities

Category: Law Enforcement

Year Filed: 2019[/vc_message][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width="1/1"][vc_column_text]

Background

Massachusetts residents incur significant costs as a result of public-authority-ordered involuntary tows. To some degree, costs are controlled by statute and Department of Public Utilities (DPU) regulations. However, these regulations still allow tow companies significant discretion to charge fees above the statutory maximum and also unregulated fees (such as administrative fees). And DPU has repeatedly found that tow companies overcharge. ACLUM filed a public records request with DPU to aid us in determining just how much people pay to retrieve their vehicles from storage facilities after involuntary tows. What we found was that in 2017 and 2018, people paid on average $305. We also found that some companies can make upwards of $1,000 per tow.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width="1/1"][vc_accordion][vc_accordion_tab title="ACLU Request" tab_id="1532534789-1-87905b-83cf"][vc_column_text]

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